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==== vim shortcuts ====

__**vim modes**__

  * normal mode - "ESC"
  * insert mode - "i"
  * command mode - ":"

__**Normal mode**__

**h** - move left

**j** - move down

**k** - move up

**l** - move right

**w** - jump to next word

**W** - jump to next string

**b** - jump to previous word

**B** - jump to previous string

**0** - move to first position in line

**$** - move to end of the line

**z + enter** - move to the top

**2gg** or **2G** - move to line 2

**ctrl g** show how many lines in file


__delete__

**x** - delete char where cursor is

**X** - delete char before cursor

**dw** - __d__ - delete __w__ - motion

**dl** - delete word on left

**dk** - delete up line

**dh** - delete down line 

**dj** - delete word on right

**d0** - delete all to begin line

**dd** or **D**- delete line

**2dd** or **2D**- delete 2 lines

**5dw** - delete 5 words ( delete word 5 times)

**3w** - move to third word (repeat word motion 3 times)

**d3w** - delete 3 words 
**2d3w** - delete 3 words 2 times

**.** - repeat last operation


__cut,copy,paste__

**y** then **p** - copy and paste before cursor

**y** then **P** - copy and paste after cursor

**yy** then **p** - copy line and paste

**v** then **h,j,k,l** to select text, then **p** - select text and paste

**dd** then **p** - cut line then paste after cursor line 

**dd** then **P** - cut line then paste before cursor line

==== How to Map Keyboard Shortcuts in Vim ====

In the mapping section we will add shortcuts to making typing longer commands easier. This will save you key strokes and lots of time, especially for long commands.

Key mapping syntax is like this:

<code>
map_mode <what_you_type> <what_is_executed>
</code>

===== Popular Mapping Modes in Vim =====

Here are a few popular mapping modes and probably the most useful and important.
<code>
    nnoremap – Allows you to map keys in normal mode.
    inoremap – Allows you to map keys in insert mode.
    vnoremap – Allows you to map keys in visual mode.
</code>

===== Comment out Multiple Lines =====

  - Navigate to the line you wish to start commenting out. 
  - Press the **Ctrl + V** keys to enable visual mode.
  - Select all the lines you wish to comment out using the **up** and **down** arrow keys or the letters **k** and **j**. 
  - Vim will insert a highlight at each line’s beginning to indicate the selected line
  - With the target lines selected, press **Shift + I** to enter insert mode.
  - Enter the comment symbol for the target file. In this case, must insert the pound (#) symbol to comment Python code.
  - Press the ESC key, and Vim will comment out all the selected lines.

===== Uncomment Multiple Lines =====

  - Start by navigating to the line you wish to uncomment, then press **Ctrl + V** to activate the visual block mode.
  - Select all the lines you want to uncomment using the **up** and **down** arrow keys or the letters **k** and **j**.
  - Once your lines are selected, press the **X** key to remove the comments.


<code>

~    : Changes the case of current character

guu  : Change current line from upper to lower.

gUU  : Change current LINE from lower to upper.

guw  : Change to end of current WORD from upper to lower.

guaw : Change all of current WORD to lower.

gUw  : Change to end of current WORD from lower to upper.

gUaw : Change all of current WORD to upper.

g~~  : Invert case to entire line

g~w  : Invert case to current WORD

guG  : Change to lowercase until the end of document.

gU)  : Change until end of sentence to upper case

gu}  : Change to end of paragraph to lower case

gU5j : Change 5 lines below to upper case

gu3k : Change 3 lines above to lower case

</code>